Key points from article :
A growing body of research suggests that microbial infections in the brain could play a significant role in the development of dementia, challenging the long-held belief that the brain is sterile. Recent studies have revealed that certain fungal, bacterial, and viral infections might contribute to cognitive decline and, in some cases, even be reversible with appropriate treatments. For example, a man initially diagnosed with Alzheimer's showed remarkable recovery after antifungal medication targeted a brain infection caused by Cryptococcus neoformans. This discovery is part of a larger initiative, the Alzheimer's Pathobiome Initiative, which is exploring the link between microbes and brain health.
Scientists, including Richard Lathe and Nikki Schultek, are investigating how the brain hosts its own unique microbiome, much like the gut. Infections in the brain may lead to conditions such as Alzheimer's, but if detected early, they could potentially be treated with antibiotics, antivirals, or antifungals. Lathe's studies have found overgrowths of harmful microbes like Streptococcus and Candida in Alzheimer's patients, suggesting that some forms of dementia might be caused or exacerbated by these pathogens.
The research also points to ways we can protect our brains. Vaccines like the BCG vaccine, traditionally used for tuberculosis, have shown promise in reducing dementia risk. A healthy lifestyle, including good hygiene, a balanced diet, and regular exercise, may also help maintain a healthy brain microbiome and lower the risk of dementia. Although we are far from a full understanding of how brain infections contribute to cognitive decline, the idea of "brain infections" being a treatable cause of dementia opens up exciting new possibilities for prevention and treatment.
