Aging is an inevitable aspect of living. This book covers the aging process from a physiological viewpoint, examining all systems of the body and describing changes that occur with normal aging and in disease. Its primary focus is on humans, but some animal and in vitro research is included to explain mechanisms and theories of aging. Integrated aspects of aging (e.g., demography of aging) are considered, and preventive and interventive measures (pharmacology, diet, exercise) for ensuring healthful aging are discussed. The Second Edition of Physiological Basis of Aging and Geriatrics considers many new approaches and methods for studying the aging process. New and updated information on molecular and cellular mechanisms, pathology, and aging-related diseases is provided to promote a better understanding of basic biological mechanisms. Theories, epidemiology, demographics, and comparative and differential aging are also presented.