Received his Ph.D. in Computer Science and Bachelor’s in Psychology, with expertise in artificial life, evolutionary algorithms, image-processing, optimized search, topology, distributed processing, and machine learning. He has acted as an advisor for Lifeboat Foundation and Brain Preservation Foundation and has worked in the big data industry for several years. His interest and viewpoint on Substrate-Independent Minds are expressed in his book ‘A Taxonomy and Metaphysics of Mind-Uploading’.