Nicola Segata is an Italian computational biologist and Full Professor at the CIBIO Department of the University of Trento, where he leads the Laboratory of Computational Metagenomics focused on decoding the human microbiome and its links to health and disease. His interdisciplinary research group develops and applies advanced computational and metagenomic methods to profile microbial communities at high resolution, uncovering how microbes interact with the body and contribute to conditions such as metabolic disorders and cancer. Segata’s work combines biology, computer science and big data analysis to map microbial diversity, explore how microbes transmit between people, and reveal the functional roles of bacteria in human health. He also holds a leadership role at the European Institute of Oncology in Milan and has collaborated widely on projects that translate microbiome insights into potential clinical applications.