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Japanese researchers led by Dr. Katsu Takahashi at the Medical Research Institute Kitano Hospital in Osaka are developing a groundbreaking medication that may allow humans to grow a third set of teeth. The research builds on previous studies, including a 2021 paper in Scientific Reports, which found that blocking the USAG-1 protein in mice could stimulate new tooth growth. The team has now advanced to human clinical trials and hopes the treatment will be ready for widespread use by 2030.
The approach targets the body’s natural ability to develop additional teeth. About 1% of people are born with extra teeth (a condition known as hyperdontia), suggesting humans may possess dormant tooth buds capable of forming a third set. By inhibiting the USAG-1 gene’s protein, the new drug may activate these buds and regenerate teeth. A 2023 article in Regenerative Therapy supports the potential of this antibody-based therapy as a breakthrough in dental care.
This research complements broader advances in regenerative dentistry, including studies showing how stem cells can help regenerate dental pulp and jawbone tissue. If successful, this innovation could one day offer a new alternative to dentures and implants for millions of people worldwide who suffer from tooth loss.
