Paul R. Ehrlich is an American biologist and educator who in 1990 shared Sweden’s Crafoord Prize (established in 1980 and awarded by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, to support those areas of science not covered by the Nobel Prizes) with biologist E.O. Wilson.

Ehrlich received early inspiration to study ecology when in his high school years he read William Vogt’s Road to Survival (1948), an early study of the problem of rapid population growth and food production. Ehrlich graduated in zoology from the University of Pennsylvania (B.A., 1953) and took M.A. and Ph.D. degrees from the University of Kansas (1955, 1957). He held a few research positions before accepting (1959) a position at Stanford University, where he became a full professor of biology in 1966 and Bing professor of population studies in 1976; he retired from both posts in 2016.