Mårten Palme is a Swedish economist and professor at Stockholm University, where he currently serves as the head of the Department of Economics. His research focuses on labor economics and empirical public finance, with particular interests in intergenerational mobility, health inequality, and pension systems.​

Born in 1961 in Stockholm, Palme earned his PhD from the Stockholm School of Economics in 1993. He is also the son of former Swedish Prime Minister Olof Palme .