Royal Brompton Hospital is the largest specialist heart and lung centre in the UK and among the largest in Europe. It was founded over 175 years ago, and is currently home to Europe's biggest treatment programme for cystic fibrosis. It is managed by Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust.

Specialties include adult and children's cardiology, heart failure, vascular surgery, asthma, allergy, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), lung surgery, and home ventilation.