Founded in 1945, the Institut national d’études démographiques (French Institute for Demographic Studies, or INED) stands as one of the major public research institutions in the population sciences. It investigates population issues in all their diversity, disseminates demographic knowledge, and promotes training in and through research. INED’s expertise spans a broad spectrum of scientific disciplines—including not only demography but also sociology, economics, history, geography, statistics, and epidemiology. While a large share of its research concerns France, international comparisons are frequently undertaken and other geographical regions are a strong focus of interest.