JAMA Ophthalmology, published continuously since 1869, is an international, peer-reviewed ophthalmology and visual science journal. In 2019, the journal celebrates 150 years of continuous publication. JAMA Ophthalmology is a member of the JAMA Network family of journals, which includes JAMA, 11 JAMA Network specialty journals, and JAMA Network Open.

JAMA Ophthalmology is published weekly online, every Thursday, and in 12 print/online issues per year. The journal receives more than 1.4 million online visits annually, with 2.2 million article views and downloads. Without any author fees, all research articles are made free access online 12 months after publication on the website. In addition, the online version is freely available or nearly so to institutions in developing countries through the World Health Organization's HINARI program.